Nurse educators face a rapidly changing health care landscape. They
must deal with changing student and patient demographics, a
proliferation of technology, and the globalization of health care. There
have been calls for changes to health professional education for decades
because it will be the practitioners of the future who can most effectively
change how care is delivered. Modern health care demands continuous
system improvement to meet the needs for safety, effectiveness, patientcenteredness,
efficiency, and equity. Health professional education
must produce graduates proficient in core competencies but must also
focus on ethical standards, cultural competence, prevention and
primary care.

Pregnant women often focus on the moment of childbirth after they
learn they are pregnant. Many women have fear of childbirth pain and
worry about the health of themselves and their babies. Fear is an
unwanted emotion and leads to negativity during childbirth. The
HypnoBirthing method decreases fear and pain, and leads to a
comfortable and natural childbirth. HypnoBirthing is a safe method
that is non-invasive and can be taught by a midwife/nurse easily in a
childbirth class or delivery room. By the more widespread use of this
method, women will be more satisfied and thus, the number of women
who choose natural births over Cesarean sections could gradually
increase. This article includes the description of HypnoBirthing, the
philosophy of HypnoBirthing and how it is applied.

Laparoscopy is the observation of the abdominal space with an optical
system. Laparoscopy has been widely used for over 20 years in
gynecologic, urologic and gastroenterologic surgeries. Major surgical
procedures like splenectomy, colectomy and renal transplantation have
taken place using advanced laparoscopic surgery. The preparation of
patients in laparoscopic surgery begins with patient information. In this
preparation, patients must be informed of potential risk factors, type
of anesthesia, surgical procedures, the advantages and disadvantages of
laparoscopic surgery, and the possibility of open surgery. Also, patients’
pharmacological, physiological and psychological conditions must be
determined. Therefore, the need for experienced surgeons and nurses
is very obvious in laparoscopic surgery.

OBJECTIVE: The communication systems within organizations are
considered one of the most important processes influencing
organizational effectiveness and management success. This descriptive
study was carried out to determine the kind of communication system
used in hospitals and the problems experienced by nurse managers
in this system.
METHODS: A questionnaire designed from the literature by the researchers
was used in this study. The questionnaire includes 38 questions on
personal attitude variables of nurse managers, the communication
systems in hospitals, how nurse managers use the system, the problems
faced by nurse managers and the attitudes of nurse managers as active
listeners. The study sample was composed of 259 nurse managers
from 17 hospitals.
RESULTS: It was determined that the organization chart of hospitals
demonstrated communication lines in general with verbal
communication chosen over written communication, and the
communication via phone was the most used method both within and
outside the organization. In addition, 46.7% of managers used direct
phone communication while 45.6% used computer communication.
33.6% of managers found the communication system well-functioning.
However, nurse managers had problems with communication outside
of the organization, with arranging meeting hours and with
communication between their juniors and seniors. In addition, it was
found that nurse managers were not good listeners.
CONCLUSION: It was determined that communication systems in hospitals
were not functioning well, and communication technology was not
adequately used; consequently, it was suggested that nurse managers
should become better listeners, and be trained in meeting management
and computer use. Lastly, they should be provided with direct telephone
and secretarial support.

The image of nursing has always been a long-standing topic of discussion
having many suggestions for solutions. Nurses and the public have views
on a number of long-held stereotypes of nurses and the nursing profession
which continue today. As a result of these stereotypes, not only members
of the profession but also the profession itself is negatively affected on
many levels.
The aim of this research is to gain an opinion on the factors affecting
nursing image, and how to improve the image of the profession and the
image of nurses themselves.

OBJECTIVE: To define the causes of conflict between nurses and physicians,
and their conflict solving skills and strategies in the surgical units of
a university hospital.
METHODS: This descriptive and cross-sectional research study was
conducted with all nurses (N=247) and physicians (N=169) working
in the surgical units of a university hospital. Two instruments were used:
a questionnaire that investigated individual features, conflict sources,
and conflict resolution strategies, and the Conflict Resolution Skills Scale
(CRSS) to measure conflict resolution skills. Descriptive statistics and
t test were used in the evaluation of the data.
RESULTS: The two most important sources of conflict for both of nurses
and physicians were unclear job-authority or responsibilities and high
workload. The conflict solving skill score averages of nurse group
were significantly higher than the physician group. Nurses and
physicians also used the same conflict solving strategies: compromising
and coercion.
CONCLUSION: Nurses and physicians are determined to use
compromising among constructive conflict solving methods and
coercion among destructive methods. It is suggested to organize training
programs for using constructive conflict solving methods in both
profession groups.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the perceptions of nurses towards patient safety
culture in hospitals.
METHODS: This descriptive study used a sample group consisting of 200
nurses. Data were collected with the “Patient Safety Culture Survey”.
This survey was developed by Sora and Nieva, and a validity and
reliability study on the Turkish population was performed by Filiz.
Percentage, t-test, one way variance analysis and Post Hoc Tukey test
were used for statistical evaluation.
RESULTS: Most of the nurses expressed the safety degrees of hospitals
were at an acceptable level. Statistical differences were found between
the frequency of reporting incidents and levels of patient safety between
hospitals (p<0.05). There was a statistically significant difference
between male nurses and female nurses regarding the frequency of
reporting incidents (p<0.05), and male nurses placed more importance
on reporting.
CONCLUSION: According to the surveys, patient safety levels are found
to be sufficient; however, there was insufficiency of reporting. Nurses
should take responsibility for patient safety and related institutions
should give priority to the development of patient safety culture.

OBJECTIVE: To define what kind of activities the nurse managers direct in
a workday and how much time they spend for these activities.
METHODS: The research sample was generated by nurse managers who
worked in three university and six private hospitals selected for
delivering nursing management lessons in Istanbul, between the years
2008-2010. 120 observation forms were evaluated. The time spent
for manager nurses to do every job was recorded in minutes on the
observation form. These jobs were categorized as nursing care,
managerial, support services, educational, research activities and rest,
and the time spent on these jobs were calculated according to these
groupings. Data were analyzed by SPSS 16.00 using percentage,
frequency, and t test analysis.
RESULTS: It was found that manager nurses spent most of their time
on managerial activities (167.17±78.31 minutes) and on nursing care
activities (100.95±68.07 minutes), and they have spent the least time
on research activities (8.55±21.24 minutes). According to the institutions
and positions of the manager nurses, it was found that manager nurses
who work in private hospitals spent more time (p<0.05) on nursing
care than the others, and the head nurses spent more time (p<0.001)
on educational activities than the charge nurses. This was found to be
statistically significant.
CONCLUSION: It was concluded that manager nurses spent most of their
time on managerial and nursing care activities and spent the least time
on research activities.