INTRODUCTION: This study aims to determine healthy lifestyle behaviors of nursing students and their affect on obesity prejudice levels.
METHODS: This descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted between September 2017 and January 2018 and comprised a total of 278 students enrolled in a university nursing faculty. The Individual Identification Form, Healthy Lifestyle Behaviors Scale II and Obesity Prejudice Scale-GAMS 27 were used to collect the data, and frequency, percentage, and Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis tests were used to analyse the data.
RESULTS: The average age of the students was 20.88±1.51, 83.1% were female and 68.3% were first-year students. The mean score of
the Healthy Lifestyle Behaviors Scale was 131.0±18.48 and the mean score of the Obesity Prejudice Scale-GAMS-27 was 75.47±9.23. In this study, the total scores of the Healthy Lifestyle Behaviors Scale were found to be higher in the fourth-year students, and this difference was found to be statistically significant (p<0.05). In addition, it was found that there was a statistically significant relationship between the variables of Obesity Prejudice Scale-GAMS-27 total score, income status, chronic disease presence, psychological assistance status and obese individual in family variables (p<0.05). There was no statistically significant relationship between total scores and subscales of Healthy Lifestyle Behaviors and the total score of Obesity Prejudice ScaleGAMS 27 (p>0.05).
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: As a result of the study, it seems that healthy lifestyle behaviors do not have an effect on obesity prejudice level. It is believed that the findings of the study will allow the assessment of the current situation and the identification of the requirements in this area.

INTRODUCTION: This research was conducted to evaluate the validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the Decisional Conflict Scale (DCS) and the Sure Scale (SS), which are used to measure decisional conflict situations about a diagnosis or treatment process.
METHODS: Data for this methodological study were collected between May and August 2017. Pregnant women who applied for antenatal care to a Training and Research Hospital in Ankara comprised the research population. The sample of this study consisted of 196 women. In the first encounter with the women, who would undergo a prenatal diagnosis or screening test, the Socio-Demographic Characteristics Data Collection Form, Information Form for Prenatal Screening Tests (developed by researchers), DCS, and SS were used for collecting data. The pregnant women who were able to be reached during follow-up antenatal care completed the DCS and SS again.
RESULTS: The mean age of the pregnant women was 29.20±5.3. Of pregnant women, 80.2% stated that they wanted to have prenatal screening tests, and 65% stated that they wanted to have these tests to get information about the baby's health status. The Cronbach's alpha
score of the DCS was calculated as 0.94, and the Cronbach's alpha retest score was 0.94. As a result of the factor analysis of the DCS, four factors differed from the original scale. The Cronbach's alpha score of the SS was calculated as 0.84, and the Cronbach's alpha re-test score was 0.79. As a result of the factor analysis of the SS, one factor differed from the original scale. The factor loads of both scales items were over 0.30.
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: The results of our study show that the Turkish version of the DCS and SS were reliable, consistent, and valid instruments and can be used in Turkish society. These scales may identify the decisional conflicts about various healthcare conditions, and it is thought that it will guide health professionals in planning interventions about decisional conflict.

INTRODUCTION: The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between health literacy and treatment compliance among individuals who were diagnosed with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus attending a family health center.
METHODS: This analytical study was conducted in a family health center with individuals over the age of 18 and diagnosed with Type 2 diabetes (n=108). The Sociodemographic Characteristics Questionnaire, Rapid Estimation of Adult Literacy in Medicine, and Treatment Compliance Questionnaire were used to collect the data.
RESULTS: Of the individuals, 44.4% were between 60 and 74 years of age, 50.9% were male, 30.5% were primary school graduates, and
30.6% were university graduates. The mean score for the compliance with the diabetes therapy was 7.8±2.2. University graduates had higher compliance scores than did illiterate individuals (p=0.015). The participants who had received diabetes training had higher treatment compliance scores than those who had not (p< 0.001). Of the participants, 63.3% had health literacy levels at the high school level. The mean health literacy score was 48.4±26.1. Health literacy scores of the male participants were higher than were those of the female participants (p=0.001). The health literacy scores of the participants over the age of 74 were higher than those in the other age groups (p<0.001). The health literacy scores of the participants who were illiterate or primary school graduates were lower (p<0.001). There was a significant positive correlation between the health literacy level and mean treatment compliance score (p= 0.017).
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: The results showed that the participants’ compliance levels were moderate and that their health literacy levels were at the high school level. In order to increase individuals’ self-efficacy and responsibility regarding their own health, it is important to improve their health literacy. It is recommended that diabetes educational materials be prepared and administered according to the health literacy levels of the individuals.

INTRODUCTION: This study aimed to adapt the Incontinence-Associated Dermatitis and Its Severity Instrument into Turkish and to determine its validity and verification percentages.
METHODS: This methodological study was carried out in two stages between February 2014 and September 2016. In the first stage, language validity was conducted and in the second stage, validity and verification percentages were completed. After obtaining permission from the authors of the instrument, language validity was conducted using the translation-back translation method. The validity of the instrument was carried out by consulting the opinions of nine experts. In addition, the verification percentages were derived by scoring four cases using the instrument with a total of 181 nurses, including 158 nurses working in intensive care units and 23 stoma and wound care nurses. In the analysis of the data, percent, arithmetic mean, frequency, standard deviation validity of content for validity study, and verification percentages were conducted between independent observers.
RESULTS: Of the nurses who participated in the study (n=181), the average age was 30.9 ± 5.7 and more than half had a university degree and were working intensive care clinics. Of the nurses, 12.6% were working in wound care clinics and were giving care to an average of one or two incontinent patients per week. According to the content validity index in the survey, the visibility adjustment was 1.00. Verification
percentages with regard to the four cases were between 92% and 99%.
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: It was concluded that the instrument can be used to measure dermatitis and severity of incontinence.

INTRODUCTION: This study was conducted to determine the relationship between parental self-efficacy, perceived social support and family burden on fathers of children with intellectual disability.
METHODS: This study was conducted with fathers whose children had intellectual disability in Special Education and Rehabilitation Centers located in central districts of Izmir. There were 100 fathers in the study. In the study, the Individual Identification form, the Multidimensional Perceived Social Support Scale, the Parent Self-Efficacy Scale, and the Family Burden Assessment Scale were used. The data were collected by survey method through face-to-face interviews with the fathers. The data were analyzed by descriptive statistics and correlation analysis.
RESULTS: According to the results, there was a statistically significant relationship between the Parent Self-Efficacy Scale total scale score, Perceived Social Support Scale total scale score, and the Family Burden Assessment subscale score. In the study, a statistically significant relationship was found between total scale score of the Perceived Social Support Scale and the total scale score of the Family Burden Assessment.
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: There was also a statistically significant relationship between the Perceived Social Support Scale, the Family Burden Assessment, and the total of the subscale scores. It is suggested that further research be done to determine the stress experienced by fathers of children with intellectual disability, perceived social support, selfefficacy perception and family burden.

INTRODUCTION: Individualized care is a reflection of the belief in the individuality of the human being, which forms the basis of nursing philosophy and professional codes of ethics. From this point of view, this study aimed to determine the relationship between moral sensitivity and individualized care perception of nursing students.
METHODS: This descriptive-correlational study was carried out on 300 students studying in the nursing department of a foundation university in Istanbul. A personal information form, the Individualized Care Scale – Nurse Version (ICS-A) and the Moral Sensitivity Questionnaire (MSQ) were used as data collection tools.
RESULTS: While the students' total mean score was found to be 3.89±0.81 on the ICS-A, the students' ESS scores were72.00 ± 26.70. When the relationship between the ESS and ICS-A was examined, there was weak positive correlation between decision-making control and benefit and orientation dimensions (r=0.20, r=0.22). There was weak positive correlation between ICS-A rank averages and orientation sub-dimension (r=0.22).
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: According to the results of the study, a weak positive relationship was found between ethical sensitivities and perceptions of individualized care. According to these results, it is considered important to use innovative learning methods to increase students' moral sensitivity in clinical practice.

INTRODUCTION: This descriptive study was carried out to determine the perceived social support level of pregnant women and factors affecting them.
METHODS: The sample consisted of 329 pregnant women who had no mental disabilities, were literate and had no risks in pregnancy. Prior to the research, ethical permission was obtained from the relevant institutions and individuals. The data were collected by using the Risk Assessment Form of the Ministry of Health, the Pregnant Diagnosis Form and the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS). The data collected were analyzed using the percentage, means, and the Mann Whitney U and Kruskal Wallis tests.
RESULTS: It was found that the majority of pregnant women (64.4%) did not receive education in prenatal care, and 71.4% of the pregnancies were not planned. Almost all of those who had a planned pregnancy took prenatal care in the first trimester. The total average of MSPSS for pregnant women was 53.86±20.21. The family support subscale of the scale was 23.06±5.75 and was the highest. A significant difference was found between family support and age, work status, family type, and gestational week of the pregnancy, whether the pregnancy was planned, the education level of the spouse and the social security of the women under study (p<0.05). A significant difference was also found between the pregnant women's perceived level of social support and their level of education, work status, social security coverage, perceived level of the family income, family type, gestational week, and whether or not the pregnancy was planned (p<0.05).
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: The perceived level of social support is influenced by the women’s status, their gestational week and whether or not the pregnancy was planned.

Congenital heart disease is the group of congenital abnormalities most frequently seen in newborns. Its incidence is 8-12 of 1000 live births. About a quarter of children with congenital heart disease have critical congenital heart disease. By routine examination in healthy newborns, less than 50% of critical congenital heart diseases can be detected. For this reason, in all newborns thought to be healthy and to be sent home, pulse oximetry screening for critical congenital heart diseases is recommended. It is important that the method is cheap, reliable, fast, non-invasive and proven. In this study, the importance of using pulse oximeters in newborns in the hospital within 24–48 hours after birth in order to determine the probability of critical congenital heart disease and the role of midwives and nurses in practice will be emphasized.

The prevalence of obesity has increased to epidemic proportions, making obesity and its comorbid conditions a major public health concern. There are few effective treatments for obesity such as dieting, increased physical activity, behavior modification or pharmacotherapy. However, these interventions are associated with only transitory weight loss. Bariatric surgery, which restricts the size of the stomach and limits calorie intake, is considered the most effective treatment with long term weight loss and improvement of obesity-related comorbidities. However, all surgery carries some degree of risk, and obesity may put bariatric surgery patients at a higher risk. The risk of developing major postoperative complications is approximately 0.2– 10%, depending on various factors. Early postoperative complications such as bleeding, atelectasis, venous thromboembolism, escape of anastomosis, rhabdomyolysis and late complications such as dumping syndrome, marginal ulcers, vitamin and nutritional deficiencies can be seen. Prevention, early detection and appropriate management of complications are crucial to avoid morbidity and mortality. Bariatric surgeries are increasing in recent years. There are significant responsibilities for surgical nurses in the prevention and effective management of postoperative complications related to bariatric surgery and other obesity-related health problems. In this article, the postoperative complications and nursing care of patients who underwent bariatric surgery are discussed.

Lung transplantation is a basic therapeutic alternative for the cure of serious non-neoplasic pneumopathies, such as advanced chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, pulmonary fibrosis, cystic fibrosis, and pulmonary hypertension in the end stage, and when the estimated life expectancy is under two years. The success of the process from organ removal to transplantation depends on the participation and on the work of the multidisciplinary team, promoting the content of the care provided by the team to the client in the perioperative period. While nurses provide important contributions to the healing process with the care they give in the intensive care unit, they are also responsible for post-discharge rehabilitation.

Patient falls and falls with injury continue to be vital and preventable problems in oncology units of hospitals. Falls can have serious physiological and psychological effects and reduced quality of life. Many people with cancer have multiple and specific risk factors for
falls as a result of cancer symptoms and treatment side effects. Anemia, fatigue, pain, gait and balance instability, depression, functional status decline, cancer type, presence of metastasis, and antidepressant and antipsychotic medication usage have been identified as significant risk
factors for falls among cancer patients. First, the identification of highrisk patients followed by the implementation of special preventive measures are necessary in the management of falls. This article reviews fall rates, risk factors (intrinsic and extrinsic factors) and suggested fall prevention strategies in patients with cancer.

Concept mapping is an important teaching and learning method that can help learners accurately acquire the information they need. A concept map connects how people learn with meaningful learning issues. In nursing, concept maps can be used as a method for combining practice and theory, case management, academic writing, and study skills of nursing students. It has been identified that the use of the concept maps in nursing education improves a student's sense of accomplishment, self-confidence, and the ability of developing critical thinking skills. In addition, this method allows students to more easily identify the subjects that they do not know and understand and has a positive effect on students' academic success. In nursing education, the use of concept maps is very beneficial, and more information to educators in this field is recommended. In this review, general information about concept maps, the structure and formation of concepts maps, and the importance of using concept maps in nursing education is mentioned.

Nowadays, oxygen saturation is accepted to be the fifth vital sign, especially in the follow-up of critical children. Pulse oximetry is a noninvasive, painless and reliable method used for measuring oxygen saturation in the arterial blood (SpO2). The first area of use was surgical procedures, and nowadays its area of use has expanded to neonatal, pediatric and adult intensive care units. The pediatric follow-up with pulse oximetry is becoming widespread in the field of pediatrics; it continues to be an important cornerstone in the evaluation of the first minutes of the life of a newborn and in the evaluation of children who are critically ill in pediatric and neonatal intensive care units. Some drugs used in children (analgesics, sedatives) may cause differences in saturation values. Follow-up with pulse oximeter makes it easier to notice the change in the child's condition. It is the responsibility of nurses to monitor oxygen saturation. Nurses are responsible for using the pulse oximeter device and for the child's follow-up and care. In this review, the role of the nurse in monitoring the oxygen saturation rates of a pediatric patient with a pulse oximeter is discussed.

Because of the long-term diagnosis and treatment processes in infertility, the need for holistic care in infertile individuals is a reality. Holistic care is based on the philosophy of life and the human being. Patient-centered and person-centered care approaches are known to alternatives to the current biomedical model for infertile individuals. Patient-centered care has been subjected to negative criticism in terms of quality of care. The negative experiences of infertile individuals with respect to patient-centered care focus on the point that this approach is far from individualistic. Infertile individuals want to receive care that adapts to their preferences, needs and values. The aim of this article is to raise awareness in healthcare professionals by analyzing a person-centered care approach for a couple who was diagnosed with infertility. Person-centered care focuses on not only the pathophysiology, prognosis, and treatment of the disease but also the individual's experience. The quality of care given to infertile individuals should be assessed to the extent by which individuals cope and comply with this process rather than having a healthy child. In all stages of infertility, it should be accepted that individuals experience a care process based on this philosophy as a right beyond necessity. A person-centered approach includes the provision of individualized care. It is thought that the person-centered care approach plays an important role in improving the quality of nursing care.