E-ISSN 2757-9204

Journal of Education and Research in Nursing

JOURNAL OF EDUCATION AND RESEARCH IN NURSING - J Educ Res Nurs: 19 (1)
Volume: 19  Issue: 1 - March 2022
EDITORIAL
1.Editorial

Page XII

RESEARCH ARTICLE
2.Evaluation of the Contents of the Disaster Training Courses Given in Nursing Undergraduate Programs in Turkey
Deniz S. Yorulmaz, Havva Karadeniz
doi: 10.5152/jern.2022.36604  Pages 1 - 6
INTRODUCTION: This study aims to evaluate the contents of the disaster training courses given in nursing undergraduate programs in Turkey.
METHODS: The study was conducted using a descriptive type research design. The data were obtained between March 1, and March 30, 2020, by screening Bologna education programs and curricula through the web pages of universities. Numbers and percentiles were used in the evaluation of the data.
RESULTS: A total of 206 universities affiliated with the Higher Education Institution in Turkey were reached between the dates of the study. Of these universities, 58.7% had nursing departments and 32.2% of the universities with nursing departments had disaster training courses. The course was named as “Nursing and First Aid in Disasters” in 38.5% of the curricula investigated within the scope of the study, and it was provided as an elective course in 53.8% of the courses, as a theoretical course given 2 hours a week. It was possible to reach the course content of 53.8% of the programs examined within the scope of the research.
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: It was concluded that the contents and hours of the courses given for disaster training in nursing undergraduate programs were inadequate. In addition, significant differences were found in the comparisons of the course contents. It is necessary to minimize the differences in the disaster training courses, analyze the course contents, and address disaster-specific issues such as psychological first aid, nutrition, infectious diseases, and communication in disasters.

3.Investigation of the Relationship Between Socio-Demographic Characteristics, Metabolic Variables, and Treatment Adherence in Individuals with Diabetes
Gamze Yıldız Aslan, Özlem Tekir, Hicran Yıldız
doi: 10.5152/jern.2022.59319  Pages 7 - 16
INTRODUCTION: This study was conducted to examine the relationship between socio-demographic characteristics, metabolic variables, and treatment adherence in individuals with diabetes.
METHODS: The study population consisted of individuals who were treated in Balıkesir State Hospital Endocrinology Clinic, and the study sample included 260 individuals with diabetes who met the inclusion criteria and volunteered to participate in the study. The data were collected between November 30, 2015, and September 30, 2016, by using the face-to-face interview method. In the evaluation of the data, the Shapiro Wilk test was used to analyze the normality of the variables, and Mann–Whitney U and Kruskal–Wallis H tests were used to analyze the differences between the groups. In case of significant differences from the Kruskal–Wallis H test, a post hoc multiple comparison test was employed, and Spearman’s correlation coefficient was used for variables that did not show a normal distribution.
RESULTS: Of the individuals with diabetes, 79.23% were female, 40.77% were in the 56-65 age group, 95.77% stated that they followed the recommended treatment regularly, and 95.38% reported that they accepted the treatment. It was determined that 93.08% of the individuals followed their blood sugar, 22.69% regularly applied medical nutrition therapy, 28.84% did regular exercise, 23.46% paid attention to their foot care, and 88.08% had received education on diabetes before. The examination of individuals’ metabolic control levels indicated that the mean HbA1c was 8.57 ± 2.11, the mean total cholesterol was 206.55 ± 48.62 mg/dL, the mean systolic/diastolic blood pressure was 129.88 ± 16.31/78.08 ± 14.39, and the mean body mass index was 29.39 ± 5.65 kg/m². There was a statistically significant difference between gender and acceptance of the treatment, age groups and doing regular exercise, education level and doing regular exercise, paying attention to foot care and previous education on diabetes, HbA1c value and doing regular exercise, and BMI value and regular application of medical nutrition therapy.
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: It was found that the majority of the individuals with diabetes accepted the treatment and controlled their blood sugar, but that the majority of them did not pay attention to their medical nutrition, exercise, and foot care. The healthcare team, especially dia-betes nurses, has considerable responsibilities in the treatment and care of individuals with diabetes. Since metabolic variables provide clues about treatment adherence in individuals with diabetes, it is important to monitor patients’ metabolic parameters as well as their body mass index. In this context, it is recommended to evaluate the treatment adherence of individuals with diabetes and their needs in this respect.

4.A Scale Development Study: Nursing Competency Perception Scale
Merve Tarhan, Aytolan Yıldırım
doi: 10.5152/jern.2021.04810  Pages 17 - 25
INTRODUCTION: Training and employment of competent nurses are among the priorities of nursing. This study was conducted to develop a valid and reliable measurement tool for determining the competency perceptions of senior nursing students.
METHODS: The methodological study was carried out with 372 senior nursing students who studied in nursing departments of two universities in Istanbul between January and March 2018. The item pool of the scale was created with the learning outcomes within the scope of the “Quality and Safety Education for Nurses” project in the United States of America. After content validity, the scale consisted of 55 items and six main dimensions. Data were collected using a questionnaire, including a personal information form and the Nursing Competency Perception Scale. Data analysis was performed using descriptive statistics, exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis, Pearson correlation analysis, t-test in dependents groups, and Cronbach’s alpha coefficient.
RESULTS: As a result of exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis, 39 items with a 6-factor structure were retained to form the Nursing Competency Perception Scale. These factors showed senior nursing students’ competency perceptions in patient-centered care, teamwork and collaboration, evidence-based practice, quality improvement, safety, and informatics. Cronbach’s alpha coefficient was between 0.77 and 0.90. There was no statistical difference between the test–retest measurements in the six dimensions (P >.05). Pearson correlation coefficients from 0.71 to 0.90 were found in the six main dimensions (P <.001).
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: The Nursing Competency Perception Scale is a valid and reliable tool for determining the competency perceptions of senior nursing students and new graduate nurses with no professional experience.

5.The Experiences of Students of Nursing Department Studying Abroad Through the Erasmus Exchange Program: A Qualitative Study
Yasemin Demir Avcı, Nurcan Kırca, Ilhan Gu&776;nbayı
doi: 10.5152/jern.2021.49354  Pages 26 - 32
INTRODUCTION: This study was conducted to determine the program-related experiences of nursing students, studying abroad through the Erasmus exchange program.
METHODS: In the study, phenomenological design from qualitative research methods was used. The sample included 10 students participating in the Erasmus exchange program during nursing undergraduate education between 2008 and 2016. The interviews were conducted using a semi-structured interview form with 7 open-ended questions between November 2017 and February 2018. The analysis process included coding the data, arranging themes, and identifying and interpreting results. Nvivo 10 program was used for analysis. Necessary permissions were obtained for the study.
RESULTS: Five main themes and 50 sub-themes were reached: definition of being an Erasmus student, reasons for their selection, positive aspects, negative aspects, and contributions related to Erasmus experiences. The participants also produced 9 metaphors in animal, human, fruits, things, and process categories. The students stated that they experienced adaptation problems due to the language barriers, and they had difficulties regarding the grant and accommodation. They stated their positive experiences like professional contribution, seeing new places, and having fun.
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: As a result, the Erasmus exchange program was beneficial for students’ academic language improvement and knowing new cultures and countries contributed to their social life.

6.Innovation Characteristics of Nurses and Their Attitudes Toward Evidence-Based Nursing
Özgül Erol, Serap Unsar, Lale Yacan, Ayfer Güneş
doi: 10.5152/jern.2022.55563  Pages 33 - 39
INTRODUCTION: The aim of this descriptive study was to determine the innovation characteristics of nurses and their attitudes toward evidence-based nursing.
METHODS: The study was conducted with 237 nurses who worked at a university hospital and volunteered to participate in the study between January and March 2018. Data were collected with the “Personal Information Form,” “Individual Innovativeness Scale,” and “Evidence-Based Nursing Attitude Questionnaire.” Number, percentage, mean, and standard deviation were used as descriptive statistical methods in the evaluation of the data. The distribution of the data was evaluated with the Kolmogorov–Smirnov test. Mann–Whitney U test, Kruskal–Wallis test, and Spearman’s correlation analysis were used to evaluate non-parametric data.
RESULTS: The mean age of the nurses was 34.31 ± 7.08 years. It was found that 86.9% were females, 63.7% were married, 55.7% had a child, and 67.1% had a bachelor degree. According to their innovation characteristics, 43% of the nurses were found as early majority. The mean score of Individual Innovativeness Scale total was 65.85 ± 7.56 and Evidence-Based Nursing Attitude Questionnaire total was 59.00 ± 9.49. A positive correlation was found between the total scores of Individual Innovativeness Scale and Evidence-Based Nursing Attitude Questionnaire. Nurses who did a scientific research, wrote a manuscript, and participated scientific conferences had higher total scores of Individual Innovativeness Scale and Evidence-Based Nursing Attitude Questionnaire than those who did not carry out these
activities (P <.05). The total score of Individual Innovativeness Scale were higher in nurses who were satisfied with their job (P <.05). No difference was found between job satisfaction and Evidence-Based Nursing Attitude Questionnaire total score.
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: This study revealed that nurses who participated in scientific activities had better innovation characteristics and attitudes toward evidence-based nursing. Nurses whose individual innovativeness was higher also had positive attitudes toward evidence-based nursing. It was determined that as the individual innovativeness of nurses increased, their attitudes toward evidence-based nursing also increased positively.

7.Investigation of Psychosocial Problems and Quality of Life Experienced in Cardiovascular Surgery Patients
Elif Akyüz, Ziyafet Uğurlu, Gülçin Şahin
doi: 10.5152/jern.2022.74875  Pages 40 - 48
INTRODUCTION: Aim: This descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out to investigate the psychosocial problems and quality of life experienced by patients undergoing cardiovascular surgery.
METHODS: Methods: The study was carried out with 101 patients who underwent cardiovascular sur-gery in a tertiary hospital between August 2017 and January 2018. As a data collection tool, patient data collection form which was created by the researchers, and 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey Questionnaire Quality of Life Scale were used. Number, percent distributions, Mann–Whitney U test, and Kruskal–Wallis test were used in the analysis of the data.
RESULTS: Results: The mean age of the patients was 58.7 ± 13.8 years, 61.4% were males, 84.2% were married, and 40.6% were university graduates. The mean quality of life scores of the patients was between 50.69 ± 19.82 and 65.98 ± 16.58. The 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey Questionnaire Quality of Life Subscale mean scores of patients who were female, illiterate, had open-heart surgery, had previous hospitalization experience, experienced preoperative anxiety, and had difficulty in fulfilling their roles and responsibilities were found to be lower.
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: Conclusion: With this study, it was determined that patients undergoing cardiovascular sur-gery experience psychosocial problems, and their quality of life related to this surgery was adversely affected. It is recommended to provide regulations for the services of both hos-pital administrations and health professionals regarding these problems, to increase their awareness training, and to make patient-oriented planning.

8.Hopelessness, Health Behaviors, and Quality of Life in Patients with Chronic Heart Failure
Ezgi Kınıcı Dirik, Eylem Paslı Gürdoğan
doi: 10.5152/jern.2022.79745  Pages 49 - 55
INTRODUCTION: This study was conducted to determine the level of hopelessness, health behaviors, and quality of life of the patients with chronic heart failure under the age of 65 years and the correlation of these factors.
METHODS: This descriptive and cross-sectional study was carried out with 143 patients in the Cardiology Clinics of a tertiary hospital and a public hospital. Data were collected using “Patient Information Form,” “Beck’s Hopelessness Scale,” Heart Failure Health Behaviors Scale, and Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire. Parametric and nonparametric tests as well as mean, standard deviation, and percentages were used to evaluate the data.
RESULTS: The mean age of the patients was 57.8 ± 8.31 years and 70.6% of them were males, 32.2% of them were treated with the diagnosis of heart failure for 10 years and more. The total scores of the patients on the scales were 6.90 ± 4.66 for hopelessness, 99 ± 12.26 for health behaviors, and 42.75 ± 21.69 for quality of life. A positive correlation was found between hopelessness and quality of life (P <.05). The patients’ quality of life varied depending on gender, New York Heart Association functional classification, and hospitalization within the last year (P <.05).
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: As the level of hopelessness of the participants increases, the quality of life decreases. Certain socio-demographic and disease characteristics of the patients influence the health behavior, the level of hopelessness, and the quality of life. As a result, it is recommended that in order to increase the quality of life, the patients should be followed up regularly of the psychosocial well-being, the necessary interventions should be planned accordingly, and patient education on the importance of self-care and health behaviors in the management of the disease should be organized.

9.The Situation of Nursing Education in Turkey During the Coronavirus 19 Pandemic
Süreyya Karaöz, Besti Üstün, Kafiye Eroğlu, Selma Doğan
doi: 10.5152/jern.2022.21181  Pages 56 - 64
INTRODUCTION: In this research, it is aimed to determine how applied education in nursing is carried out in Turkey, the education-teaching methods used, the difficulties experienced, and solution suggestions during the COVID-19 pandemic.
METHODS: The sample of the descriptive study consisted of nursing education administrators of 80 universities in Turkey that provide undergraduate education in nursing. The data were collected online between February 2021 and March 2021, in the Qualtrics program, through a questionnaire containing 43 questions about the introductory features of the institution and educational management during the epidemic process. In the evaluation of the data, descriptive statistics such as number, percentage, and mean were used.
RESULTS: In 56.6% of the institutions, the number of students was over 500, the average number of students per instructor was 36.13 ± 17.71, and there were no instructors at the rate of 13-18.8% in the courses who have intensive credit and clinical practice; 52.5% of the administrators found the skill laboratory equipment in their schools partially sufficient; 52.5% of them had problems with education before the pandemic. During the pandemic, almost all of the schools held meetings (96.1%) on how to conduct education, and the university’s top management (82.5%) and higher education institution (73.7%) were most influential in the decisions taken. It was determined that while all of the theoretical courses were conducted remotely and hybrid, only 8.8% of the laboratories and 12.5% of the clinical/field practices were conducted face-to-face. Almost all the administrators (96.5%) stated that they could not reach the learning outcomes due to the inability to perform clinical/field practices. Administrators have easy access to the document of the course of distance education (72.5%); they stated that distance education has positive contributions to save time and flexibility of the course time (48.8%).
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: The problems experienced in nursing education programs due to the COVID-19 pandemic, especially the inability to carry out laboratory and clinical/field applications, made it difficult to reach the educational goals. For this reason, it was concluded that practical education should be made face-to-face and the missing practices should be compensated.

10.The Use of Family Planning Methods and the Methods Used in Turkey: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Yasemin Sökmen, Resmiye Kaya, Zekiye Karacam
doi: 10.5152/jern.2022.27037  Pages 65 - 79
INTRODUCTION: This study was conducted to determine the use of family planning methods and the rates of the methods used based on previous studies in Turkey.
METHODS: This systematic review and meta-analysis study was based on primary studies planned in a descriptive and cross-sectional design. To reach the studies, PubMed, Science Direct, Dergipark, Turkish Clinics, and National Thesis Center databases were systematically searched with keywords “family planning” and “contraceptive” in October 2019. The search, selection of articles, data extraction, and quality assessment procedures were conducted by two authors independently, and all these steps were checked by an experienced researcher. The Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Checklist for Analytical Cross-Sectional Studies was used to assess the quality of the studies.
RESULTS: The results of 43 studies, including 28 with cross-sectional and 15 with descriptive design, were synthesized for the meta-analysis (females: 24 548; males: 2218). According to the results of the meta-analysis, the estimated rate of family planning methods was 71% (95% CI: 0.66-0.77) for any methods, 50% (95% CI: 0.44-0.55) for modern methods, and 17% (95% CI: 0.14-0.20) for traditional methods. Also, the estimated rate of the most commonly used modern methods were 17% (95% CI: 0.14-0.20) for intrauterine device use, 17% (95% CI: 0.14-0.20) for condom use, 6% (95% CI: 0.05-0.08) for the use of oral contraceptives, while the rate was 15% (95% CI: 0.13-0.18) for the most commonly used conventional method (withdrawal). In addition, it was determined that while the use of modern methods increased over years (from 47% to 52%), the use of traditional methods decreased (from 19% to 15%) and varied by region. The estimated rate of unintended pregnancy was 20%, and the rate was 10% for curettage.
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: According to the results of this systematic review and meta-analysis, although the use of modern family planning methods has increased over years in Turkey, it is still not high enough, and a significant part of women experience unintended pregnancies and curettage.

11.Turkish Validity and Reliability Study of the Student-Advocates Pre- and Post-Scale
Fatma Avsar, Sultan Ayaz Alkaya
doi: 10.5152/jern.2022.24119  Pages 80 - 84
INTRODUCTION: The research was conducted to adapt the Student-Advocates Pre- and Post-Scale into Turkish.
METHODS: The research was carried out as a methodological design. The population of the study consists of students of a secondary school in Ankara aged from 10 to 11 years. The sample consisted of 246 students who agreed to participate in the study and received consent from the family. Translation, expert opinion, confirmatory factor analysis, Cronbach alpha reliability analysis, and item correlation analysis were performed during the adaptation process of the scale, which was developed in English to Turkish.
RESULTS: This study determined that the X2/SD fit index obtained from the confirmatory factor analysis was 1.361 and that the root mean square error of approximation value was 0.038, the Goodness of Fit Index value was 0.96, Adjusted Goodness of Fit Index value was 0.94, and the Cronbach alpha coefficient was 0.86. Cronbach’s alpha of bullying behavior dimension was 0.70, knowledge of stealing the show, turning it over, accompanying others, and coaching compassion strategies dimension was 0.72, and confidence intervening dimension was 0.75.
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: The Turkish version of the scale was determined to be suitable to the validity and reliability criteria. The scale can be used to determine whether children who may be bystanders in peer bullying interfere in bullying. It is recommended that the scale could be used by school health nurses in their interventions to prevent peer bullying.

12.The Examination of Psychological Well-Being in Pregnant Women in Terms of Demographic and Pregnancy-Related Features and Self-Compassion
Fadime Kaya Soylu, İdil Yaren Akdoğan
doi: 10.5152/jern.2022.55088  Pages 85 - 92
INTRODUCTION: The aim of this research is to determine the effects of self-compassion is associated with psychological well-being.
METHODS: This research was carried out in a cross-sectional design. Research sampling consisted of 337 pregnant women in gynecology and obstetrics service, non-stress test unit, and maternity wards of a state hospital. Research data were collected via Pregnancy Information Form, Psychological Well-Being Scale, and Self-Compassion Scale-Short Form. In data analysis frequency, mean and standard deviation, Kruskal–Wallis H test, Mann–Whitney U test, and Spearman’s rho correlation analysis were performed.
RESULTS: Mean age of pregnant women was found to be 26.97 ± 5.36 years. The total Psychological Well-Being Scale mean score of pregnant women was 45.21 ± 7.08 and the total Self-Compassion Scale-Short Form mean score was 37.14 ± 6.70. A statistically sig-nificant difference (P <.05) was measured between pregnant women’s education level, employment status, the place of residence, income level, family type, the number of children, satisfaction with the relationship with partner, and the total score obtained from psychological well-being. It was also identified that a statistically significant relationship in positive direction (P <.05) prevailed between the Psychological Well-Being Scale and Self-Compassion Scale-Short Form scores of pregnant women.
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: In this research, major effects of demographic, pregnancy-related features, and self-compassion on the psychological well-being of pregnant women have been documented.

13.Evaluation of Pregnancy Information Classes Trainings on Birth Fear and Birth Method Selection
Süheyla Sak, Funda Yıldırım Baş, Osman Gurdal
doi: 10.5152/jern.2022.45712  Pages 93 - 97
INTRODUCTION: This study aimed to reveal the effect of antenatal education class trainings on the fear of birth and the choice of method of birth.
METHODS: The study was carried out on 53 pregnant women who met the research criteria and participated in the antenatal education class established in a hospital affiliated to the Isparta Provincial Health Directorate between December 2017 and July 2018. The data were collected with the questionnaire form, Pregnancy and Birth Fear scale before the training and after all the trainings. In the evaluation of the data obtained, the number, percentage, and independent Mann–Whitney U test were used to test for differences between groups, and Kruskal–Wallis H test was used for comparisons among more than 2 groups. Wilcoxon signed-rank test and dependent t test were applied for the comparison of 2 pair-wise samples.
RESULTS: The mean age of the participants was determined to be 26.9 ± 4.3 years and the mean gestational age was 25.1 ± 6.3 weeks. The mean total score was 5.88 ± 1.39 before the training; it was found to be 4.48 ± 1.44 after the training and the difference between them was found to be statistically significant (P <.001). A statistically significant relationship was found between pregnant women considering cesarean birth before training and pregnant women considering normal birth after training (P <.05).
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: In the current study, it was found that antenatal education class training decreased the fear of birth and affected the choice of method of birth.

REVIEW
14.Suggestions for Increasing Awareness of Nurses by Using Pender’s Health Promotion Model and Slavin’s Effective Teaching Model in the COVID-19 Pandemic Process
Bahar Madran, Ayşe Ferda Ocakçı
doi: 10.5152/jern.2022.34270  Pages 98 - 102
COVID-19 is a new kind of causing respiratory tract disease that affects the lives of over 280 million people worldwide. Even though conditions dramatically impact people with chronic diseases and older ones, it is assumed that 90% of the cases might be avoided thanks to the appropriate use of personal equipment. Nurses are the riskiest group in the contagion and spread of the disease. Increasing nurses’ awareness during the pandemic plays a crucial role in protecting themselves and preventing the spread of the disease in the community. This paper aims to increase the level of awareness of nurses providing care to COVID-19 patients using Pender’s Health Promotion Model and Slavin’s Effective Teaching Model. Therefore, it was considered that by increasing their awareness, the process of changing their behaviors would be accelerated and permanent.

15.Effects of Massage Therapy on Clinical Symptoms of Older People
Hediye Utli
doi: 10.5152/jern.2021.09327  Pages 103 - 107
Nurses can improve outcomes of patient care by integrating complementary and alternative therapies with traditional medical practices. Among the non-pharmacological methods that can be used in geriatrics and gerontology are massage, aromatherapy, relaxation, meditation, therapeutic touch, biofeedback (neurotherapy), guided affective imagery (creative psychotherapy), reflexology, acupressure, and naturopathy. Massage therapy attracts the attention of healthcare professionals, patients, and families because it improves many symptoms, it has no side effects, it is easy to learn and apply, and is safe, effective, and economical. Massage therapy is used in geriatric patients for various purposes. For instance, it is effective in the management of pain, agitation, stress, anxiety, worry, and depression, it relieves constipation and improves the range of motion of the joints. Massage therapy together with pharmacological treatments reduces many symptoms of neurological diseases and neurological disease-associated risks, and it has a safe, supportive and positive effect. It is thought that this review, based on the effects of massage therapy, can be a guide especially for nurses working with elderly patients in the neurology clinic.

16.A New Concept in Nursing Care After Surgery: Kinesiophobia
Demet Bal, Dilek Cilingir
doi: 10.5152/jern.2022.98215  Pages 108 - 112
Kinesiophobia refers to the negative emotions created by the possibility of a person’s previous injury and cognitive-behavioral avoidance behavior. Pain experience, biological, and psychosocial factors affect the patient’s developing the fear of movement. The patient may experience different levels of pain in the postoperative period depending on the type of surgery and incision. Interpretation of pain as painful and dangerous causes fear avoidance behavior during movement. The patient should be careful during the physical movement with protecting the wound, avoiding sudden movements, and stabilizing for affecting the healing process positively. In the postoperative period, the pain experienced while performing daily activities such as sleeping, breathing, and coughing in the fowler position strengthens the fear of movement negatively and the patient is anxious while performing physical activities such as walking, breathing, and coughing to avoid damaging the wound site and has difficulty in performing useful activities that contribute to the recovery in the postoperative period due to movement restriction; this may cause complications and adversely affect the healing process. Questioning the presence of kinesiophobia in postoperative nursing care, evaluating the fear of movement by using scales related to kinesiophobia in the clinic, determination and application of appropriate cognitive-behavioral therapy method with the patient in multidisciplinary cooperation, encouraging the patient in all these processes, and providing care by the nurse will contribute to the healing process.

17.The Role and Responsibilities of Nurses, the Most Frequently Encountered Difficulties, and Proposed Solutions in Antimicrobial Stewardship
Bahar Madran
doi: 10.5152/jern.2022.20438  Pages 113 - 116
The increase in resistance to antimicrobial agents (microorganisms) is one of the most criti-cal public health problems over the years. The responsibility of all health care workers in health care facilities is to prevent and decelerate the development of resistance of micro-organisms. Nurses plan, practice, and observe therapy, and they can have countless con-tributions through isolation procedures, which is a crucial factor in controlling the spread of resistant microorganisms. The aim of this review is to summarize the implementation of nurses as part of antimicrobial stewardship programs, to discuss about some challenges that can occur during these implementations, and to present some solutions to nurses to overcome these challenges.

18.Change in Nursing Education: Mobile-Based Learning Approaches
Sevil Masat Harbali, Zeliha Koç
doi: 10.5152/jern.2022.29053  Pages 123 - 127
Coronavirus disease-2019 pandemic, causing outbreaks in all countries as well as Turkey, has affected the education system and has drawn attention to the importance of making preparations to integrate the distance education process with the use of mobile technology. Mobile learning is one of the methods that takes the educational process beyond physical limits, supports lifelong learning regardless of time and place, and provides ease of access to learning materials and learning. Accordingly, it is inevitable to restructure nursing education in line with technological developments and changes and to benefit from different learning methods and approaches. In this review article, the advantages and disadvantages of mobile learning in nursing education in the world and in our country were discussed in line with the literature information.

19.Complementary Nutrition Methods in Newborn
Şükran Düzeltici, Sevda Arslan
doi: 10.5152/jern.2022.93276  Pages 128 - 132
It is ideal for all newborns to feed their mothers’ milk. Due to weak oral-motor functions, being neurologically and physiologically immature, sucking-swallowing-breathing coordination, some newborns cannot immediately breastfeed and are hence unable to obtain oral nutrition. Therefore, it is necessary to initiate proper nutrition in those newborns who are not breastfeeding. In the graves of the Nile basin, items such as cups, cow horns and ceramic cups dating to 500 BC have been found, indicating the earliest search for alternative options for infant feeding. Today, this search continues, with parenteral and oral or nasogastric tubes; enteral feeding methods include feeding with a bottle, plate, spoon, finger, syringe, or dropper. It is preferred to total parenteral nutrition. For newborn nutrition, enteral and parenteral nutrition could also be applied together. However, even with the most appropriate method, feeding newborn infants could be very difficult. Hence, every newborn nurse should know the preterm and term newborn feeding methods and should have the ability to apply these methods properly. The purpose of this article is to update the nurses on newborn feeding methods.

20.The Importance of Postpartum Period Sexual Counseling and Sexual Counseling Models in Nursing
Basak Demirtaş Hiçyılmaz, Nuran Coşkun
doi: 10.5152/jern.2022.55265  Pages 129 - 134
The aim of this review is to explain the importance of postpartum period sexual counseling and sexual counseling models in nursing. It is well known that sexual health issues are common in women. The postpartum period is one of the special periods when there are problems related to sexuality and the need for counseling related to sexual health increases. It has been noted that the content about the problems that may arise in the postpartum period regarding sexuality is lacking in the discharge training process. The nurse, in particular, has key roles and responsibilities in the development of sexual health and early detection of sexual health problems during the postpartum period. Training and counseling for the development of sexual health is a field that requires special knowledge and skills, and studies have shown that sexual health training offered in the postpartum period using proven successful models has positive effects on sexual health. Because behavioral change is the goal at the end of the counseling process, it has been observed that offering concise, practical information and accompanying training with brochure-like materials have an important contribution to sexual health. In addition, it is considered necessary to add the sexual health course to the curriculum in all nursing educational institutions that provide undergraduate education and to enrich the existing section of sexual health courses related to sexual counseling.

21.Culturally Competent Nursing Approach and Health Literacy in Elderly Care
Ayşegül Ilgaz
doi: 10.5152/jern.2022.69782  Pages 133 - 137
Multicultural population structures are formed with population mobility throughout the world. The need for health services increases with the aging of immigrants in the place where they migrated. In this case, health professionals should take into account the differences and cultural characteristics of elderly individuals from different cultures in their health levels. Transcultural nursing means providing effective care by meeting the cultural needs of individuals, families, and groups, improving the cultural knowledge of nurses, humanistic approach, preserving the health of the individual, and using all improvement methods in care. Nurses should know what the aging period means, cultural practices, and reasons for applying/not applying to health care to provide holistic care for elderly. The provision of transcultural nursing care requires reading, writing, and understanding health-related information. With the increase in the elderly population, those with low health literacy levels and cultural diversity are likely to increase. In multicultural societies, nurses provide care by analyzing the cultural characteristics of the elderly and are aware of the importance of health literacy that can contribute to improved health outcomes. The care that nurses give, taking into account the health literacy levels of older individuals, can also contribute to culturally adequate nursing care. The purpose of this review is to examine culturally adequate nursing approach and health literacy in elderly care.

CASE REPORT
22.Nursing Care in the Ovarian Cancer According to Levine’s Conservation Model: A Case Report
Sibel Peksoy Kaya, Sena Kaplan, Sevil Şahin, Ayten Ariöz Duzgun, Ayse Filiz Yavuz, Esra Bükecik
doi: 10.5152/jern.2022.84666  Pages 138 - 146
Gynecological cancers and the treatment process can affect women biopsychosocially. Nursing care of the patient who was diagnosed with advanced ovarian cancer and who underwent radical surgery was carried out in accordance with the North American Nursing Diagnosis Association Taxonomy according to Levine’s conservation model. The patient is married and 58 years old. She was admitted to the hospital with complaints of swelling in the abdomen, respiratory distress, and gas pains. Free fluid in the abdomen, peritoneal implant, pleural effusion, and bilateral ovarian tumors were detected in the tests and exams. As a result of the tests, radical surgical treatment was administered to the patient, and the patient was diagnosed with fourth-stage ovarian cancer after the surgery. According to the principles in Levine’s conservation model, conservation of energy (acute pain, nutrition less than body requirements, etc.), conservation of structural integrity (activity intolerance, ineffective health maintenance, etc.), conversation of personal integrity (risk for body image disturbance, risk for sexual dysfunction, etc.), and conservation of social integrity (family mobilization) were evaluated in the context of the nursing process. In the evaluation of the case, Levine’s conservation model guided the planning of priority and possible problems in the early post-operative period and the maintenance of nursing care.

23.The Quarantine Experience of a Nurse Diagnosed with COVID-19: A Case Report
Ayşegül Ilgaz, Merve Ipek Şıklaroğlu
doi: 10.5152/jern.2022.21060  Pages 147 - 151
The fight against the coronavirus disease 2019 outbreak, which has influenced the entire world, has been still ongoing. It is necessary to take measures for reservoir control and transmission mode as well as immunization, to protect against coronavirus disease 2019, which is a common public health concern. Filiation teams are actively working in the field to combat this disease, which is transmitted by droplets. Health training, immunization, filiation and surveillance studies, quarantine practices, home visits, and home care services are all duties of the public health nurses in this team for preventing and controlling diseases. Determining the feelings of a public health nurse who had a positive coronavirus disease-2019 test result as well as her experiences during the outbreak could contribute to the delivery of quality health care and the readiness for current and future crises. While the world countries have been continuing their fight with the outbreak during this period, it is essential to examine the filiation team’s role, communication with this team, and patient monitoring at home. In this case report, it is aimed to support the service delivery of healthcare professionals by expressing the quarantine experiences of a nurse who was diagnosed with coronavirus disease 2019, her related practices, and her communication with the filiation team.



Journal Metrics

Journal Citation Indicator: 0.18
CiteScore: 1.1
Source Normalized Impact
per Paper:
0.22
SCImago Journal Rank: 0.348

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