Infection Prevention Appraisal Scale (IPAS): Cultural Adaptation and Psychometric Properties of the Turkish Version

Background: Healthcare-associated infections remain a major patient safety concern worldwide, and nurses’ self-efficacy plays a crucial role in the effective implementation of infection prevention and control practices in clinical settings.

Aim: This study aimed to translate and culturally adapt the Infection Prevention Appraisal Scale (IPAS) into Turkish and evaluate its psychometric properties for assessing nurses’ self-efficacy in implementing infection prevention measures during patient care.

Methods: This methodological study employed a cross-sectional design and was conducted between July 11, 2023, and December 25, 2024, among 232 nurses working in surgical units at four hospitals in southern Türkiye. Participants were recruited using convenience sampling. Data were collected through face-to-face administration of the Descriptive Information Form and the IPAS. The psychometric properties of the Turkish IPAS were evaluated using exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses and the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC).

Results: The Turkish IPAS consisted of 12 items and demonstrated a single-factor structure, explaining 51.481% of the total variance. The scale exhibited high internal consistency (Cronbach’s α=0.904). Hotelling’s T2 statistic was 298.771 (p<0.001). The mean total score on the Turkish IPAS was 109.60±9.84. Test–retest reliability analysis of the Turkish version of the IPAS yielded an ICC of 0.958.

Conclusion: The Turkish version of the IPAS demonstrated good validity and reliability as an instrument for assessing nurses’ self-efficacy in implementing infection prevention and control practices in clinical settings.

Keywords: Adaptation, infection, nurse, prevention, psychometrics, self-efficacy